Sonbil is a village in Ramkrishna Nagar block of Karimganj district of Assam state. Sonbil is a remote village approx 40 KM from Kariamganj the district town of Karimganj District and approx 10 KM from Ramkrishna Nagar town.
Sonbil is popularly known for its Sonbil Haor, the second largest wetland in Aisa and the largest wetland in Northeast India. The lake is 12.5 km long and 3.9 km wide, with a 35.4 km shoreline.
The catchment of the lake has ravines, slopes and hilly terrains, with loamy, sandy or gravelly soil in the plains and fine-grained sandstones in the hilly region. It is flanked by hills on its west and east. In winter, the extent is becomes fragmented and totaling as low as 500 ha of area.
The Shingla River, originating in Mizoram, is the only major inlet as well as outlet of Sonbil wetland. Further downstream, there is another large lake known as Rata beel, beyond which the Shingla river bifurcates into two rivers Kochua and Kakra which drain the lake water into the Kushiyara River.
As a water way more than 50 country Boats are playing every day on regular Transport Service. About 300 families fully depend on income from Boat Services for six months. Similar numbers of families are engaging in Boat making factory in a form of rural Artisans. Inland transport services can be promoted to link up 4 AP with District Head Quarters.
Sonbill touches 9 numbers of G.Ps. directly and double of the number along the inlet and towards the outlet and acts as source of drinking water for these areas.
The beel is a traditional fishing ground for ages. More than 35,000 families are directly dependent on the Beel for traditional fishing. Extensive fertile and flat land around and along the water body has potentially to higher yield from agricultural crop.
About 500 families are engaging in Net Making and Fish Marketing Network. Inland Fishing has promising scope.
Dry Fish Manufacturing Industry has lucrative scope. Prawn Cultivation and other nature will add additional source for the people at large.
Sonbill is open duckery farm. Open grazing duckery to produce one lakh numbers of duck in the first year to be increase to tenfold will be introduced.
As human civilization occurs at river basin, Several Markets were established in and around Sonbil proper and along the inlet and outlet of Sonbil water body.
Water-Way gives cheapest means of transportation of goods and commodities. Internal Water transport system can boost rural Economy in this region.
Sonbil is Rice Bowl of South Assam. Extensive fertile and flat land around and along the water body has potentially to feed half of the district population.
Presence of water body provides perennial cropping; Scientific use of water and flat-land will promote further production.
More than 40% of areas around water body have evergreen forest. Sonbil is breeding ground for reptiles and other various aquatic species. Presence of water-body increase moisture which promotes plant growth and sustain environment. Concept of Biosphere reserve will pave ways in promotion of environment ecology.
Barringtonia acutangula is the main tree that grows in the beel besides reeds such as Arundo donax and various aquatic plants.
Sonbil, is a reservoir of 70 species of fish belonging to 49 genera under 24 families have been recorded.
It is also home to a large number of resident bird species such as the bareheaded goose, adjutant stork, lesser whistling teal, white-breasted water hen, spotted dove and purple heron.
More than 150 species of birds have been recorded, although the actual diversity must be much more.
Scenic beauty and special feature provides by this water body has immense scope for tourist attraction and this view point was constructed in the Sonbil point.
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